Browser based video formats in HTML5

Video formats are diverse and each of them can be used in a specified browsers. Few of the video formats are MP4, VP8, VP9, Theora and so on. There are lots of browsers being used in the web. Most of the web developers are not aware of the latest browsers and the video formats supported by the browsers, they automatically use the prescribed or default video formats. In order to display the videos without any plugins, HTML 5 launched an element called ‘video element’.

Let us have brief information about the Video element of HTML 5 and the browser-based video formats in this article…

HTML 5 Supported Video Formats

HTML5 does not state which video formats should be supported browsers. If a video format is appropriate, the browser can support them for free. But, content authors will not allow them to do so, as they consider that the browsers have no least set of video formats to support.

The HTML5 Working Group states that, each browser should support at least one video format. That ideal format of a video should hold the following constraints:

• Royalty-free
• Good image quality
• Low decode processor use
• Good compression
• Hardware video decoder must be present with software decoder for a video format. 

Video Element of HTML 5

To download a video file in a browser, two methods are used:

• JavaScript canPlayType() function

Type refers to the MIME (Multi-Purpose Internet Mail Extension) type and the list of codecs. This instructs the browser to decode the file.

•  <source>

Fallback is supported by the ‘video’ element through the multiple sources specifications. <source> can be any number of elements. The file to be downloaded can be picked by the browser.

Browser- based Video Formats

Theora and WebM are the free formats. MPEG-4 is the non-free format. The most common browser-based video formats in HTML 5 are:

• Theora
• H.264 (MP4)
• VP8
• VP9
• MPEG 4

Let us see in detail about the browser-based video formats regarding their operating systems, versions, and the browsers to be used.

 

Theora

Theora	Browser	OS	Latest Version
3.0	Google Chrome	35.0.1916.153	35.0.1916.153
Manual	Internet Explorer	Windows	11.09
3.5	Mozilla Firefox	Windows 7+, Vista, Linux,  Android and others	30.0 ESR 24.6.0
2.3	Android	Android	4.2.1 Jelly Bean
2.28	Web	All supported	3.12.2
10.50	Opera	Windows Presto, Windows OS, Linux, FreeBSD	12.17, 22.0.1471.7, 12.16
r18297	Chromium	Unix, & others	-
Manual	Safari	OSX	7.0.5, 6.1.5
4.4	Konqueror	All supported	4.13.1

 

H.264 (MP4)

MP4	Browser	OS	Latest Version
3.0	Google Chrome	35.0.1916.153
9.0, 9.0, 10.0	Internet Explorer	Windows, Windows Phone, Windows RT	11.09, 10.0, 10.0
21.0, 22.0, 26.0, 17.0	Mozilla Firefox	Windows 7+, Vista, Linux,  Android	30.0 ESR 24.6.0
3.0	Android	Android	4.2.1 Jelly Bean
2.28	Web	All supported	3.12.2
11.50	Opera	20 for Android 12.0.22 for Symbian S60 10.0 for Windows Mobile
3.1	Safari	OSX	7.0.5, 6.1.5
Manual	Chromium	Unix	-
4.4	Konqueror	All supported	4.13.1

 

 VP8

VP8	Browser	OS	Latest Version
6.0	Google Chrome	35.0.1916.153
Manual	Internet Explorer	Windows	11.09
4.0	Mozilla Firefox	Windows 7+, Vista, Linux,  Android & others	30.0 ESR 24.6.0
2.3	Android	Android	4.2.1 Jelly Bean
2.28	Web	All supported	3.12.2
11.50 10.50	Opera	20 for Android, 12.0.22 for Symbian S60 10.0 for Windows Mobile
		Windows Presto, Windows OS, Linux, FreeBSD
Manual	Safari	OSX	7.0.5, 6.1.5
r47759	Chromium	Unix	-
4.4	Konqueror	All supported	4.13.1

 VP9

VP9	Browser	OS	Latest Version
29.0	Google Chrome	35.0.1916.153
-	Internet Explorer	-
28.0	Mozilla Firefox	Windows 7+, Vista, Linux,  Android & others	30.0 ESR 24.6.0
-	Android	-
2.28	Web	All supported	3.12.2
16.0	Opera	20 for Android 12.0.22 for Symbian S60 10.0 for Windows Mobile
-	Safari	-	-
r172738	Chromium	Unix	-
4.4	Konqueror	All supported	4.13.1

   

MPEG 4/H.264

This format is widely used. It has good speed, video quality, hardware decoders, and compression.

H.264 is used in MP4 format, with Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) audio. Users of MP4 should hold the licences of both AAC and H.264. This format is supported by Apple and Microsoft.